Prison Nursing Essay Example for Free

Prison Nursing Essay I had been a nurse for 1 yr, and only worked in long term care. I craved a change in my career that was exciting, yet challenging; I decided to become a correctional nurse. I had no idea what was in store for me when I applied for a position with UTMB . I spoke with family and friends who thought I was crazy for wanting to work in such a hostile environment. Needless to say, I didn’t listen and followed my own instinct. When I was hired, I had not taken a tour of the facility; day one was the first time I walked into a prison. As I walked in the gate house, I was saying to myself â€Å"this isn’t so bad! I kept telling myself those same words the whole time I was taking my shoes off , letting my hair down to be searched, and getting frisked while checking for contraband. After the most violating pat down I had ever received was over, my heart began to pound. â€Å"What am I getting myself into? † Once in the infirmary I was given a brief description of job duties. By now my heart was in my throat, but I kept up the brave front . I learned that I would be working in our clinic with convicts that required inpatient medical care. My role was to provide nursing care only. A few things I had to take into consideration; they were convicts. They could be quite manipulative and they tried to test me every time I turned around. They asked questions about my personal life and they asked for favors. They would also ask me to bring in things from the â€Å"real world† or deliver items or letters. This behavior could be grounds for termination so any and every time I was asked to do any of the things I listed or anytime an inmate tried to get to personal it had to be reported. The inmate would then have to face disciplinary action. It was very hard to remember all the dos and don’ts while maintaing professionalism, as well as maintain safety and sanity. In the Texas prison system the inmates endure grueling conditions. In the winter its freezing cold, old boilers are all they have to keep warm. In the summer its smoldering hot, old noisy fans are all they have to keep cool. Being tender hearted as I am, I couldn’t help but feel sorry for them. I was raised to see the good in every body. I was also raised to believe in an eye for an eye. It was really hard to provide unbiased care when I knew I was dealing with a child molester or a rapist. I know we were trained to put all our emotions aside, but in reality my emotions would sometimes get the best of me. I only worked as a correctional nurse for a yr. I enjoyed working with other members of the medical staff as well as correctional officers. I actually enjoyed working with the inmates, providing medical care. I have had my share of inmates cursing and yelling at me and have witnessed situations I will never forget. I learned very quickly to be thick-skinned. I learned to be tough in order to do the job and survive. I still reminisce about the adrenalin rush I would get every time and emergency would arise. I’m glad I made the choice to work at the Wynne Unit it was definitely a life changing experience.

Speech Outline How to Prepare for Finals :: essays research papers

Outline: Purpose my demonstration speech: I want to demonstrate how to prepare for final exams Central Demonstration speech Topic Idea: It is important to be stress free during final exams and this demo is the best way to do that. Introduction: What you are going to teach: 1) I am going tell few parameters that determine your final exam result. 2) Few things that keeps things simple 3) Productive ways 4) Smart work Why this demo: The reason I choose this topic is I personally have experienced few times.9p=-/I felt good during some exams and some not. I used to see my brother going through this and few of my friends. So I came up with some thoughts which will make that process easy Why listeners should know: How many of believe that you are a student all your life. And you often come up with exams of different kinds all your life. These principles can be applied to any kind of contest/exam/game/job to name some every walk of life Once after this demo you pretty much can apply these instructions immediately and you will see the best results. Demo Speech Outline: 1) Smart Work: a) Reviews: Go through the mistakes you have done in the previous exams (mids) b) Get help. Ask a teacher or try comparing notes with a classmate. That way, if you didn't get the information from the lecture, you can get it from each other during participation. 2) Parameters: a) Stress free : How relaxed are you b) Preparation: How good are you prepared, Being proactive How many of believe that preparation is the separation. Health. How is your health condition (right food, ill free) 3) Productive ways: a) It's important not to cram. Cramming isn't a productive way to study because it's hard to learn so much information in a short time. Study ahead of time, because you can put only so much more in your brain. b) Have a note-taking system that works for you. Take notes as if you had to rely on them to pass the course. c) Start making a pre-test. Collect questions, problems, essay topics, etc. from past exams and homework assignments. Take the test a week or two before the final exam to see where you need to focus your studies. Decide where the test questions come from -- the textbook, the lecture or both. I believe in Preparation -----> demo/exam ------> review/changes------> exam What I mean by this is I prepare for the exams and put myself in an exam environment and do it. Then I come up with the personal review of my performance.

Downfall from Arrogance

Downfall from Arrogance The Crucible Is a peculiar name to put for a play. In literal meaning, a crucible Is a special pot In which you put materials In. The pot then goes In the fire, and you end up melting the contents, but not the pot itself. The way Miller named his play as The Crucible is what literary experts call symbolism. Arthur Miller's basic purpose of writing this play was to signify that people react to situations in many dfferent ways. In that same way, he symbolizes the attributes of each character as well.In this play, The Crucible, the character Reverend Parris's consistent arrogance conveys the uthor's message that before anything else, people will always tend to care for themselves. Reverend Parris's personality trait can be examined through chronological order † from Act 1 to Act 4. Who was Reverend Parris? As described in Act 1, Parris is the head of the church of the town, and he is considered a respectable person. In his mid-forties, he has already lost h is wife, and has a daughter named Betty. In Act 1, Reverend Parris plays a dominant role, along with his arrogance and pride.At the beginning of this act, when Betty is on the bed lying what seems to be nconscious, Reverend Parris tells Thomas Putnam, â€Å"leap not to The people wanted to call In Reverend Hale, the towns expert on witchcraft, to examine Betty and find out what had been going on. Parris, through his arrogance, decided that it would not be a good idea to call in Hale because if Betty were to be announced as a witch, it could ruin his name, since she was his daughter. Just to save his name of being the head preacher of the town, he persisted on not calling in Reverend Hale.Parr's, along with his undermining arrogance, created a saddening effect on the the town. He Is the main pastor, and so when people hear things from him, they tend to believe him. All that he did was not to keep the people of the ton away from evil. He did what he did so he would hear what he wante d to hear. He wanted to hear that he would not lose his position. Eventually, he did give in and towards the end of Act 1, they do call in Hale. Parris was not at all present in Act 2 directly, although he was in fact mentioned once when they talked about a book in which he kept a record of all the people present on Sabbath Day.Throughout the whole act, however, there was ot a single Instance where his arrogance took an effect on any of the people. In Act 3, however, his arrogance plays a crucial role. When Danforth is talking to John Proctor and Abigail, he decides to step in and say to Danforth that â€Å"this is a trick to blind the court! † (107). He does this again to protect his own name because he does not want Danforth to believe what Mary Warren is saying. During the trial, he asks Mary Warren to faint in front of all the people, falsely. The reason for his demand is because he Is grasping for evidence to prove that Abigail and the girls are not guilty.Parris has a c onvincing effect on Danforth throughout the whole of the trial because he is trying to protect Abigail, and Danforth has come to a point where he cannot go back. Danforth's own arrogant nature wont let him reconsider his decisions. Since Abigail has already been proven innocent, Danforth literally won't listen to new evidence unless some creative logic occurs. Once Elizabeth comes to the trial, Parris Is even more Olstraugnt He tnlnKs tnat EllzaDetn wlll agree wit n Proctor aoout tne adultery he committed, and thus ruin his name for sheltering an adulterer. Ironically, that does not happen.Elizabeth, who Just wanted to save her husband's name, said that Proctor did not commit adultery. All this while, she knew that he did. At the end of Act 3, we can see that Parris's arrogance and prideful nature is helping him to get through another round of impulsive evidence put indirectly against him, that could have again hurt his position in Salem. Act 4 is the last act of the play, and in th is act, everything changes. Parris comes running to the Jail, where he tells Danforth that Abigail has vanished, along with all of his money. He asked Betty, who told him that they girls were talking about some ships.Within the lines, we can interpret that Abigail disappeared by riding off on a boat. Parris's view of the whole situation changes, because he then realizes that he made a grave mistake by blaming innocents. He pleads to Danforth to postpone execution and to free the accused, but Danforth, again with his pride that he never failed to make the right decision, decides that he will not reconsider his decision. When Proctor tears up the paper that could have saved his life, Parris looks unto him in utter astonishment. If Parris was in such a situation, he would probably live with the shame, although his arrogance might ake him suffer.That happens when he realized that people are turning against him. He â€Å"fear[s] that there will be riot here† (127). He completely b reaks down in front of Danforth after he recounts the knife incident. In conclusion, Parris signifies many different characteristics, but his most important trait being his arrogance, and it affected him negatively. This essay analyzed this trait through the chronological order of acts, from Act 1 to Act 4. He may have gotten through with his arrogance by directing people to love him and keep him in his position, but when the people

Externalities in Economics Essay

Externality is yet another significant source of market failure. It is owing to the lack of property rights that externality arises. According to Jaen (2005), by externality we mean the situation when the cost or benefits related to a transaction not only affects the transactors but also the other parties which is called party effect. Non-inclusion of such effect in decision making causes externality and hence market failure. Jaen added that an example of this is pollution from factories which adversely affects the health of the people in the neighborhood. But such a cost is not included in the estimation of cost of production; accordingly there is increase supply. This is called negative or harmful externality. Jaen (2005) added that externality could be beneficial as well and he cited an example, the painting of house by individual A may lead in its market value and also that of the other properties in the neighborhood. Thus the benefit accrues to the third party; this is an example of positive externality. Before explaining externality further, we must make a distinction between private cost or benefit and social cost or benefit. In a given society, the resources are said to be optimally allocated when the social marginal cost is equal to the social marginal benefit. Free markets would optimally allocate the resources when private costs are equal to social costs and private benefits are the same as social benefits (Jaen, 2005). There would be negative externality when social cost exceeds private costs and positive or beneficial externality when social benefits exceed private benefits. _________________________ Jaen, T. R. & Ohri, V. K. (2005). Principles of Microeconomics. Page 324 – 332 Externalities arise when one economic agent does not compensate others for his actions which may directly affect their consumption or production possibilities. Smokers, who do not, for example, pay for increasing others’ risk of cancer, or for the discomfort they may cause, produce externalities. According to Miyao & Kanemoto (1987), urban life is filled with examples of externalities: manufacturing producers may cause air and water pollution which negatively affects residence and other producer; some individuals may have racial prejudice against certain ethnic groups; a household may benefit from beautiful gardens of its neighbors; firms often prefer to locate in larger cities because of proximity to other firms; and an additional traveler in a congested road imposes external cost on other travelers by slowing them down. According to the Fundamental Theorem of Welfare Economics, a competitive equilibrium is efficient in the Pareto optimal sense if all goods are private goods and no externalities exist. This result, however, breaks down if there are externalities. An individual decision maker who generates externalities does not take into account actual external cost or benefits imposed on others; his decision must therefore be corrected to account for external effects. Externalities, thus present a case of potential market failure where go government intervention may be called for to guide a decentralized market system toward a point where resource allocation is efficient (Miyao & Kanemoto, 1987). It is however, too early to jump to the conclusion that government action are always justified when there are externalities; for example, individual who suffer from water pollution have an incentive to get together and bribe firms to reduce pollution. The reason why this may not happen is that the transaction cost to set up a market for pollution may be too high. ___________________________ Miyao, T. & Kanemoto, Y. (1987). Urban Dynamics and Urban Externalities. Page 100 According to Miyao & Kanemoto (1987), if the government has to incur the same transactions cost as private individuals, then government intervention cannot improve resource allocation. Even if government intervention is justifiable, the government has to choose an appropriate policy among alternative policy measures. For example, introducing a Pigouvian tax/subsidy system is one way of modifying individuals’ action to achieve an efficient allocation (Miyao & Kanemoto, 1987). A tax` placed on pollution will ten to reduce the amount of externality. If a corrective tax is set equal to the marginal externality cost suffered by others, an efficient allocation is achieved. One problem with the Pigouvian tax/subsidy, however, is that it usually requires high administrative cost. As Miyao & Kanemoto (1987) stated, in some cases, direct regulation of private activities such as ceiling on pollution emissions and a control of land use may be less costly; moreover the government might also have to resort to cruder measures. For example, a Pigouvian tax/subsidy system for traffic congestion requires congestion tolls whose levels are different for different roads depending on the severity of congestion. External effects have been studied by economist ever since the days of Marshall & Pigou; along with development of the field environmental economics, the theory of externalities has remained of great and growing importance in economic science (Jeroen 1999). As Jeroen (1999) quoted, â€Å"indeed it is fair to say that, starting from the traditional neoclassical economic framework, the most logical way to look at problems of environmental pollution is from the perspective of external cost†. It was also added that â€Å"however, although economist have been investigating the concept of externalities for a long time, both theoretically and empirically, ______________________________ Miyao, T. & Kanemoto, Y. (1987). Urban Dynamics and Urban Externalities. Page 100 Jeroen, C. & van den Bergh, J. M. (1999). Handbook of Environmental and Resource Economics. New York: Edward Elgar Publishing. externalities still prove to be an area of slippery ice†. Frequently, one finds fuzzy discussions on the discussions on the policy implications of external cost. According to Jeroen (1999), this may often result from, for instance, mixing up equity and allocative efficiencies arguments , from mistaking pecuniary externalities for true or technological externalities from some sense of compassion with the victims of externalities on equity ground, leading to pleas for ‘compensation’ which may often be unwarranted from the perspective of allocative efficiency The Concept of Environmental Externalities in Economics In recent years, economist have reluctantly added new variable in their economic thinking to account for the side-effects induced by the production of goods (Hokikian, 2002). They have labeled the parameter â€Å"externalities† (normally used in plural due to its multiple effects) because it usually affects, costwise, people other than who are directly buying, selling, or using the goods in question. When nuclear reactors produce electricity, we are gratified because we put electricity to such uses as washing and drying dishes and clothes. But when the nuclear generate highly reactive by-products, we are annoyed because the nuclear wastes are dangerous to our health. Economist call these unwanted nuclear waste externalities, because most of the cost associated with storing, regulating, and transporting them are not added directly into the cost of electricity. Pollution from economic point of view is the production of waste, dirt, noise, and other things we do not want. As Hokikian (2002) illustrated, for example, we do want steel and cement, but we do not want the smoke produced by the output processes; we do want mechanical energy from heat engines, but we do not want the released heat, which we call thermal pollution. _____________________________ Hokikian, J. (2002). The Science of Disorder: Understanding the Complexity, Uncertainty, and Pollution in our World. page 161 Economists’ externalities are nature’s entropy. Since the middle of nineteenth century, we have known that all processes increase in entropy; yet only recently have humans become a highly entropic creature, generating massive amounts of entropy. Externalities have become a major variable in industrial societies; as humans advanced technologically, we became a major producers of waste products that through the years have gradually accumulated to the point when we can no longer ignore their existence (Hokikian, 2002). Paretian Welfare Criteria and Market Failures Mainstream neoclassical micro and welfare economics theories suggest that governments should in principle be reserved in intervening directly in the economic process (Jeroen, 1999). According to Jeroen (1999), it is broadly accepted that economic science should aim at providing value free descriptions and analyses of human choice, and the associated social processes, under conditions of scarcity. As it is not possible to construct a value-free social welfare function according to some ethically objective criterion, welfare economics has an inherent tendency to rely on quite humble criteria for the evaluation of different possible outcomes of economic processes, for instance under different forms of government interventions. As Jeroen (1999) stated, although the concept of external effects is widely used in economics, there seems to be some confusion about its exact definition and interpretation. He added that, it is commonly recognized that externalities are an important form of market failure. ______________________________ Hokikian, J. (2002). The Science of Disorder: Understanding the Complexity, Uncertainty, and Pollution in our World. page 161. Jeroen, C. & van den Bergh, J. M. (1999). Handbook of Environmental and Resource Economics. page 197. their existence leads to a deviation from the first-best neoclassical world, in which the price mechanism takes care of an efficient resource allocation (Pareto Efficiency). According to Jeroen (1999), in the presence of ext3ernalities, market prices do not reflect full social costs or benefits, and, for instance, regulatory taxes or subsidies are called for to restore the efficient workings for the market mechanism. Furthermore, it is generally accepted that the source of externalities is typically to be found in the absence of well defined property rights (qtd. in Jeroen, 1999). Consequently, the theory of is often applied in environmental economics: environmental quality is a typical good from which property rights are not defined and hence no market exists. These commonplaces may clearly indicate the causes and consequences of external effects, but still leave the definition unclear; such a definition can be as follows: an external effect exists when an actor’s utility function contains a real variable whose actual value depends on the behavior of another actor, who does not take this effect of his behavior into account in his decision making process. According to Jeroen (1999), the above definition concerns technological externalities as opposed to pecuniary externalities. These latter which are ruled out by considering real variables only (that is, excluding monetary variables), do not lead to shifts of production and utility functions, but merely to movements along these functions. Consequently, externalities as defined above are potentially ‘Pareto relevant’ (if costs of correcting for the market failure do not exceed the welfare gains to be obtained), whereas pecuniary externalities are not, because they do not reflect a failing market. As Jeroen stated, the final condition in the __________________________ Jeroen, C. & van den Bergh, J. M. (1999). Handbook of Environmental and Resource Economics. page 197. definition distinguishes externalities from other types of unpriced interactions, such as barter, violence, jealousy, altruism or good-will promoting activities (for instance , handing out samples as products as part of a commercial campaign). Such phenomena differ fundamentally from external effects, both in a theoretical and in a policy-relevance sense. There have always been economist interested in positive or negative externalities; however, they largely been marginalized within the profession as externalities were seen as market failure that needs to be corrected or avoided (Maiser & Sedlacek, 2004). The consequences that recent literature has demonstrated also made economist shy away for along time from accepting externalities as integral part of the economic system. If economist want to understand the growth of an economy over time, they need t allow for externalities. Based on Maiser & Sedlacek (2004), these externalities lead to imperfect competition and tend to agglomerate production at certain locations in the economy. They added that, the resulting spatial structure leads to specialization, transportation and further externalities. This moves the spatial perspective closer to the core of economics. â€Å"As it turns out, if we can explain geographical concentration, then we can go along way toward explaining important aspects of international trade and economic growth (qtd. in Maiser & Sedlacek, 2004). The Influence of Government Policy on the Choice of Production Practices and Chemical Use Government influence on the choice agricultural production practices and the attendant use of chemicals has a variety of forms. Before exploring these alternatives, it is important to __________________________ Maiser, G. & Sedlacek, S. (2004). Spillovers and Innovations: Space, Environment, and the Economy. page 11. understand the rational for government intervention: externalities arising from the interaction between the agricultural sector and the rest of society. Externalities exist in situations where the activities of an economic agent (qtd. in Uri, 2005). As what Uri (2005) stated, consider the application by the farmer of pesticides that runoff into surface drinking water supplies and are ingested by individuals. Drinking water with high concentrations of pesticides has suspected risk and associated cost to human health; this is an example of a negative externality because the action of the farmer adversely affects the welfare of consumers. The absence of externalities is one of the conditions required for competitive markets to achieve an efficient allocation of resources. This is not meant to imply, however, that the presence of an externality requires government intervention. According to Uri (2005), in many situations, the involved parties may negotiate a solution that will address the externality problem and result in an efficient resource allocation. For example, restricting pesticide spaying during certain times to minimize community exposure to drifting pesticides can be the result of voluntary agreement between a farmer and the residents surrounding the farmer’s cropland. There are, however, externalities where the interaction between private parties does not lead to an efficient allocation of resources. Government intervention may be consider in these instances even though there is no guarantee that the intervention will lead to an enhance efficiency; such situations are referred to as externality problem or market failure (Uri, 2005). Uri, N. D. (2005). Agriculture and the Environment. New York: page 60. Government intervention can take a variety of forms including, taxes, subsidies, subsidies, and educational, and technical assistance, as Uri (2005) stated. There are other situations where intervention is justified on the basis of distributional equity considerations. Even if an efficient resource allocation could be obtained through private and public approaches, the solution could be sub-optimal from society’s perspective if it results from equities in terms of income distribution or the burden of regulation (Uri, 2005). Because distributional inequity is so highly subjective, however, little discussion will be devoted to it in what follows. As previously noted externalities play a central role in the economics of the interaction between the agricultural sector and the stock of natural resources. According to Uri (2005), to mitigate the impact of externalities, a number of policy options are available to the government; these policy options in general have the potential to impact the production practices adopted by farmers and the use of agricultural chemicals.

On the Use of Nemesis

On the Use of Nemesis On the Use of Nemesis On the Use of Nemesis By Maeve Maddox Chris Mentzer asks: What is the difference between enemy and nemesis?   What is the purpose of using the word Arch before each? Nemesis is a stronger word than enemy. Enemy is an unfriendly or hostile person. Nemesis is an avenging force. In classical mythology Nemesis was the goddess of retribution. She punished both hubris (false pride) and wrongdoing. The goddess represents the idea that one cannot escape divine retribution. Lowercase nemesis came into the language in 1597 with the meaning â€Å"retributive justice.† One of my favorite Agatha Christie mysteries has the title Nemesis. In it Miss Marple is portrayed as Nemesis, tracking down a murderer many years after the crime was committed. Conan Doyle called Professor Moriarty â€Å"the nemesis of Sherlock Holmes.† If it hadn’t been for the insistence of outraged readers, â€Å"The Final Problem† would have been the final Holmes story. It ends with Holmes and Moriarty plunging to their (presumed) deaths from the top of the Reichenbach Falls. Each was the other’s nemesis. The prefix arch- is from Greek arkhos, â€Å"chief.† It is added to many words to indicate primacy. In the word archangel the prefix is pronounced [ark]. In other words the pronunciation is [arch]. archangel [rkÄ njÉ™l] archdiocese [rch-dÄ «Ã‰â„¢-sÄ ­s] archenemy [rch-Ä•nÉ™-mÄ“] archdeacon [rch-dÄ“kÉ™n] archduke [rch-dÃ… «k, -dyÃ… «k] To place the prefix arch- in front of enemy is to strengthen the word. An archenemy is the most significant among several enemies. Placing the prefix arch- in front of nemesis is to weaken what is a powerful word in no need of intensification. Both Nemesis and nemesis carry the connotation of implacability. One can defeat one’s enemies. Rarely can one escape one’s nemesis. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:30 Synonyms for â€Å"Meeting†"Confused With" and "Confused About""To Tide You Over"

Business Risk of HIH Insurance Limited Free-Samples for Students

The imperfect record of the financial report is responsible for the breakdown of the company which can be a threat to the business. The non-accurate accounting report can be a major reason for the failure of the business deals. When the company becomes able to submit the proper finance report, then that will define the improvement of the business, and the development of the annual finance report can descry the decreasing material quality which can be the cause of the business risk of HIH insurance limited. According to the auditor's lack of professionals can be a cause of the business risk. The infrastructure and the policies which are responsible for the poor and unreasonable decision can be a reason of great loss and the collapse of the HIH Insurance Company that can push the business to a pick of risk. Through the explanation of the factors, it is clear that this matter is responsible for the business risks. If the development of the money power can be demonstrated correctly, then it can be noticed that the implement of the credit is highly responsible for the business failure and the sales of the assets also a reason of the business risks (Bragg, 2013). The presence of unprofessional and inefficient staffs can be a reason of great loss for the business. Often the staffs were unable to find proper clients for investment or sometimes they engulfed all the money and did not submit the amount of money to the company which is truly harmful to any company.   When the premium is collected from the clients by companies for a long time, then it required a number of efficient workers which produce the shortage of money for the company the can be a reason of the business risks. When the company faced various kinds of risks, then the collapse situation arrived. Due to the lack of proper ethical guidelines and the absence of appropriate insurance policies, the increasing budgets become fall which can be a major risk factor that is affecting the HIH at finance report level. The risks occurring in the annual finance report level is one of the factors influencing the growth of the HIH Insurance and caused business risks. To identify the investment tolerance, it is necessary to clearly describe the implementation of the factors affecting the business risks. The proper protocol of the work and the individual investment shows a stability of the accounting theory of the business. The removal of the risk factors of the HIH Insurance Company it is necessary to separate the person based licensed investment which can be critical for the growth of the business finance report (Britton and Waterston, 2013). The replacement of the assets or the sale of the properties can be a factor affecting HIH Insurance annual report level. Many legal issues between the creditors and the clients can also be changing factor oh the business risks. The company needs to recruit dedicated employees because most of the times the lack of efficient and well-experienced members can also be a significant problem for the company which affecting the annual financial report level (Christensen, Cottrell and Budd, 2016). If suddenly any client denies continuing giving their premium then that will be very much affecting the development of the enterprise. The HIH Insurance annual report level is also influenced or affected by this factor. Insufficient responses to the high pressure and management rising inadequately in the international insurance market were the primary cause of the danger of the company that is the HIH insurance. The interest of many stakeholders that affected the misguiding or false statements was in print. The financial report of the perspective company depicted significant money owing leverage and cover liabilities, the money owing means solution risk of the particular company (Weil, 2017). Now the matter is why this so much irresponsible in such a manner, the directors of act boards are the main responsible for these unjust representations of the financial statements of the company. Only they are not the responsible accountants and auditors are the same responsibility for these false tasks of the monetary declarations of the enterprise (Dauber, 2005). Responsible for this breakdown of these management companies was presented as an evil financial system, the people or group was the same responsibi lity of this initial failure of the company. The clients were facing an enormous problems or losses for this inadequate responsibility. The company was paid responsible accountable to customers for losing their inadequate amount of money.   Not only that if clients think that they can take measures responsibility for the board of directors of the management and cover their insufficient loss of amount. The management's liability to the credit pay was due to the creditors lend money to the company. The company is answerable or pays the due amounts to the suppliers and other creditors. Defendant owes the applicant on the duty of care then the negligence or careless occurs, when the defeated breaches the duty of attention when the candidate suffers an injury or damage when it occurs when the damage or injury causation by the outcome of the violation of the duty of care. In a state of affairs where a specific person owes another obligation of care, causes several damages, injury, loss to each and the particular person. The action of negligence conducted by the accountants or some auditors was responsible for the collapse of the HIH insurance company as per reports. Determination by the court signifies that the breach of the duty of care by reviewing the standard of care, to avoid some causing injuries or harm is the duty of attention is the legal compulsion (Hill, 2012). The boards of directors were the main responsibility for the failure of the company, and it can be stated as breaching the trust duty of care. Therefore, the regulatory framework is not appropriately followed by the organization HIH due to which company had to make this harsh situation. According to the law, which regulates the business system all across Australia, it is instated that this kind of act is considered as a breach in the regime of an organization and is capable of punishment (Waterston, 2006). The company is liable to answer all its customers for the negligence in their behavioral aspect and this maybe another reason for the loss of trust in this organization of the people. Legislative system of the company needed to exhume for the augmentation of the business system. That is why The HIH wants to re-hire its former members of the external audit team. The abnormal development of the organization can be justified by its time of failure. The organization faced the situation due to the enhancement of work since the structuring of a project and reforms are illogically enhanced. It is very clear from this event that the company The HIH did not abide by the regulatory framework approved by the government of Australia and for this reason the organization had to take such harsh a decision (Horngren, 2013). Quite naturally, due to such disorientations in the construction of work, the auditor has blamed for unsuitable performances regarding his duties towards the company altogether. In such a condition, where the regulatory of the government was being challenged, the company was bound to be in the worst of situations (Shim, Siegel and Shim, 2012). It was only beca use of this, that the company needs to hire its ex-employees from the audit team to make a better performance out of them, and proper construction of work can be depicted which shows the enhancement of the works done together by the company so far. In this particular matter, the primary thing that had occurred due to the alteration of the auditing team in the HIH organization is an actual detailed depiction of the amount of work done so far had been reported. The amount of work done and the exact amount of work features can be easily illustrated due to the alteration of the entire auditing team and revamp it with a new team comprising of the ex-employees (Schroeder, Clark and Cathey, 2011). Thus, this new plan of action helps in the improvement of performance and allows proper planning of the research for the further benefit of the company. This had led to the development of profits of the organization in a massive way (Horngren, 2014). Also, the gap that had occurred in the balance of the company was dissolving, and the company was emerging more like a stable structure in the work ethics. The equilibrium that was necessary to maintain as an organization was once again in the process of restoration due to this strategy. Previou sly, the old auditors had breached many of the laws in presenting the financial accounts to the legislative authorities as they have presented many faulty records that had shown incorrect profit and loss, income, expenditure and balance in the finance system of the company (Horngren, 2013). However, the introduction of the new team of auditors who were previously appointed had a fresh start and new and legalized outlook in the business strategy and financial accounting department. The government of Australia has some standard laws regarding the practical ethics of an organization. It was reported by case studies that the HIH Company had desecrated these ethical standards (Schroeder, Clark and Cathey, 2011). The Board of Directors along with the auditors had been found guilty of producing unfair financial statements. According to the government of Australia, business ethics deals with the fair and inequitable means in an organization and any illegal or discriminatory conduct regarding the financial accounting of an organization is punishable as it is a vital aspect of an organization (Jones, 2013). It is considered that any illicit means adopted to represent a faulty financial accounting is the open gate in unlawful inflow or outflow of cash, illegal representation of income, expenditure, profit and loss, assets and liabilities. The guidelines regarding running a business organization are strict and breaching any one of them is liable to be punished for an offe nse. This behavior only represented a lack of integrity and negligence in carrying out the respective duties of the Board of Directors as well as the auditors. This only led to the downfall of the HIH Company. Since the rules and regulations are only meant for the well-being of the company (Libby, Libby and Short, 2012). Hence, it was very clear that the proper image of the company was tarnished and this affected the interest of many people in the organization.   CLERP 9 and Ramsay Report provide government approved guidelines on the proper preparation of a company’s financial statements and corporate ascendancy. The CLERP 9 is responsible for providing the information on the appropriate standards in the liabilities that occurs due to breaches in the system, the independence of an auditor, compliance controls, and the accounting standards (Oppermann, 2009). The auditors are to bridge the gap between the perspective and expectation of a user on the financial statement of an organization because an accountant prepares the financial declarations of the company and gives it a real standardization. Legislation will always provide clear concepts of representing the account practices of a company, and in no ways, these can be breached. As per the government authorized rules, both the internal and external auditors are equally responsible for maintaining the proper financial statements and the correct valuation of the company, but if these lin e of action is breached in any way, then they are to be blamed for failing in eliminating the misstatements found within the financial accounting (Powers and Needles, 2012). Bragg, S. (2013).  Accounting best practices, seventh edition. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons. Britton, A. and Waterston, C. (2013).  Financial accounting. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Christensen, T., Cottrell, D. and Budd, C. (2016).  Advanced financial accounting. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education. Dauber, N. (2005).  Generally accepted auditing standards. Mason, OH: Texere. Hill, J. (2012).  Colloidal Silver Medical Uses, Toxicology & Manufacture. Horngren, C. (2013).  Accounting. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia. Horngren, C. (2013).  Financial accounting. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia Group. Horngren, C. (2014).  Accounting. Toronto: Pearson Canada. Jones, M. (2013).  Accounting. Chichester: Wiley. Libby, R., Libby, P. and Short, D. (2012).  Financial accounting. Oppermann, H. (2009).  Accounting standards. Lansdowne: Juta. Powers, M. and Needles, B. (2012).  Financial accounting. [Mason]: South-Western, Cengage Learning. Schroeder, R., Clark, M. and Cathey, J. (2011).  Financial accounting theory and analysis. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Schroeder, R., Clark, M. and Cathey, J. (2011).  Financial accounting theory and analysis. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Shim, J., Siegel, J. and Shim, J. (2012).  Financial accounting. New York: McGraw-Hill. Waterston, C. (2006).  Financial Accounting. Pearson Education UK. Weil, R. (2017).  Financial accounting. [Place of publication not identified]: Cengage Learning.

Evaluate the main energy options currently available in the UK Essay

Evaluate the main energy options currently available in the UK - Essay Example In order to effectively source energy from the available means, machineries or end-use equipments such as turbines, motors and hydro-machineries among others are used at huge quantities. Contextually, in a majority of instances, a substantial quantity of primary energy is reported to be wasted due to inefficient design of machineries or equipments utilised to generate energy. From a general perspective, energy sources can be categorised in two broad sections, i.e., the primary or non-renewable sources of energy (such as natural gas, oil, coal and conventional nuclear power) and renewable sources of energy (such as wood, plants, geothermal sources, tidal wind and wave energy) (Crown, 2009). Notably, the United Kingdom is considered as one of the leading nations constituted with a large variety of renewable energy sources. The UK is also considered as a major production house of offshore wind energy where more than 700 wind turbines have been already launched (Committee on Climate Chan ge, 2011). Based on this context, the paper will aim at identifying and discussing the various energy options currently available in the UK. The Main Energy Options in the UK Wind Energy In the year 2011, the UK installed wind power of about 5.7 gigawatts. The nation is considered as one of the leading producers of wind power all over the world. In the UK, wind power sources are continuously developing in terms of its production capacity, which is further expected to increase by more than 2 gigawatts in the next five years. To be specific, wind power is considered as the second largest source of energy within the UK. In the year 2010, the UK wind industry was reported to have already installed several types of on-shore as well as off-shore wind energy production turbines. For instance, medium-sized UK wind-energy production companies such as Gunfleet Sands Offshore Wind Farm, Robin Rigg Wind Farm and Thanet Off-shore Wind Farms among others have been deemed eligible for government g rants. It has further enhanced their financial capabilities to install advanced technologies in order to generate more than 1.1 gigawatts of electricity per day. It is worth mentioning in this context that the wind-energy producing farms in the UK distribute electric power primarily to the manufacturing industries. In the next five years, the government of the UK is expecting to obtain 960 gigawatts of electricity on a yearly basis from this energy source (DONG Energy Power, n.d.; E.ON UK plc, 2012; GL Group, 2010). Energy Obtainable Through Tidal-Waves Apart from the wind-energy sources, the UK also has the capability to produce electricity from ocean waves by utilising the tidal power. In February 2007, the UK had established its first wave farm which was categorised as one of the world’s leading producers of electric energy from tidal currents of the ocean. In the UK, on a yearly basis, it has been observed that this particular energy source can generate more than 3 megawa tts of electricity through its four different types of Pelamis machines. In the UK, ocean currents are used to produce energy principally in two regions i.e. England as